| Title | Causes for abnormal head posture besides strabismus |
| Purpose | To describe the differential diagnosis of anomalous head posture when there is no strabismus. |
| Methods | Classification of causes illustrated by clinical cases. |
| Results | Causes of anomalous head posture can be divided into two major categories: ocular origin and musculoskeletal or neurologic origin. |
| Conclusion | Ocular examination is essential in the work-up of an anomalous head posture. Every ocular cause should be excluded to attribute torticollis to a nonocular origin. |
| Last name | DE TEMMERMAN |
| Initials | S |
| Department | Jolimont |
| City | La Louvière |