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Title

Congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction: Diagnosis, Management and Failure

Purpose	Conventional probing is blind procedures with false passage and unexplained failure problems. The purpose of this presentation is to clarify the possible causes for probing failure and how to overcome them
Methods	The presentation will utilize videos to update and cover important issues related to congenital nasolacrimal obstruction including: (1) diagnosis and time for surgical treatment. (2) Anatomy of the nose at the lower end of the nasolacrimal duct. (3) A stepwise approach for nasal endoscopy. (4) Ideal probing direction. (5) Causes for failure and how to prevent them.
Results	At the end of the presentation the attendant will have a well-organized plan for diagnosis and treatment of congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction. He/she will learn how to use nasal endoscopy and what expected to see. Most importantly; avoiding false passage, minimizing intranasal trauma, prevention of lateral displacement and increasing the successful outcome, will be clearly demonstrated.
Conclusion	It is the time for pediatric ophthalmologists to use nasal endoscope, routinely, during probing procedure. This would improve patient's care, decrease complications and enhance surgical outcome of probing technique

Author 1